Kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov xovxwm luam ntawv tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej thiab kab lis kev cai.
Nyob rau hauv 1439, Gutenberg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees tsim ib tug ntoo letterpress luam ntawv xovxwm, uas yog ib tug yooj yim ntsug kauv tes wrench printing xovxwm uas tau siv rau 300 xyoo nyob rau hauv 1812, Koenig nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees ua thawj lub voj voog flat letterpress press, nyob rau hauv 1847, Hoy nyob rau hauv lub Tebchaws Asmeskas tau tsim lub tshuab luam ntawv teb, xyoo 1900, nws tau ua rau lub tshuab luam ntawv rau xim, thiab xyoo 1904, Rubbell hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau tsim lub tshuab luam ntawv offset.
Ua ntej xyoo 50s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev luam ntawv ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv kev lag luam luam ntawv, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv kuj tseem yog cov ntawv luam ntawv luam ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau lead hlau ntawv luam ntawv muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv zog ua haujlwm siab, lub voj voog ntev ntau lawm thiab ib puag ncig muaj kuab lom. Txij li thaum xyoo 60s, cov txheej txheem lithographic offset luam ntawv nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub voj voog luv thiab cov khoom lag luam siab tau pib nce thiab txhim kho, thiab cov hlau lead hlau ntawv luam ntawv tau maj mam hloov los ntawm lithographic offset printing. Letterpress printing, stencil printing, electrostatic printing, inkjet printing, thiab lwm yam, kuj tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntim printing thiab advertising printing.
Lub ntiaj teb cov tshuab luam ntawv tau tsim kev loj hlob zoo txij li xyoo 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Tshaj li 20 xyoo dhau los, kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv tau dhau los ntawm peb theem:
Thawj theem yog los ntawm thaum ntxov 80s mus rau thaum ntxov 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, uas yog lub heyday ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm offset printing technology. Lub sij hawm ua ntej hloov kho ua ntej luam ntawv ntawm plaub-xim tshuab luam ntawv feem ntau yog li 2 teev. Kev tswj tsis siv neeg ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv feem ntau tsom rau kev teeb tsa tsis siv neeg, tsis siv neeg xa ntawv, tsis siv neeg tu, tsis siv neeg tshawb pom cov xim number case, tsis siv neeg hloov cov number case ntim thiab cov chaw taws teeb tswj ntawm kev sau npe. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ntxiv rau cov tshuab monochrome thiab ob lub ntsiab lus, yuav luag txhua daim ntawv pub offset xovxwm cov chaw tsim khoom kuj muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuab plaub-xim, thiab cov tuam txhab feem ntau muaj peev xwm tsim cov ntawv xa cov tshuab rau ob sab luam ntawv.
Qhov thib ob theem yog los ntawm thaum ntxov 90s mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Nyob rau hauv lub 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cim los ntawm daim ntawv-fed offset tshuab luam ntawv, lub thoob ntiaj teb tshuab luam ntawv machinery tsim thiab manufacturing theem tau coj ib tug loj kauj ruam rau pem hauv ntej. Piv nrog rau thawj theem, qhov ceev ntawm cov qauv tshiab tau raug txhim kho ntxiv, los ntawm 10, 000 luam tawm ib teev mus rau 15, 000 luam tawm ib teev, thiab lub sij hawm ua ntej kev hloov kho kuj tau luv heev los ntawm kwv yees li 2 teev hauv thawj theem mus txog li 15 feeb. Qib ntawm automation thiab ntau lawm efficiency ntawm lub tshuab kuj tau zoo heev.
Txij li thaum nkag mus rau lub xyoo pua 21st, tshuab luam ntawv tau coj mus rau theem peb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Qee cov qauv ntawm cov ntawv-fed offset tshuab luam ntawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 17,000-18,000 luam tawm ib teev, tab sis cov tuam txhab tsis siv zog los txhim kho qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv, tab sis los ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv. thev naus laus zis, ntxiv luv luv lub sij hawm npaj ua ntej thiab lub sij hawm los hloov txoj hauj lwm kom nrhiav tau ntau dua efficiency.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv automation, technologies xws li kev sib tham, kev sib koom ua ke, kev ua haujlwm digital, thiab kev sib txuas nrog kev tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv (MIS) tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Ntxiv rau qhov presetting, tswj thiab ua txhaum kev kuaj mob ntawm txhua qhov txuas ua haujlwm ntawm Heidelberg los ntawm kev noj cov ntawv, pub zaub mov thiab cov ntawv qhia, hloov tus cwj mem, hloov dej, hloov phaj, sau npe, tu, ziab, varnishing txheej, hmoov txau thiab xa ntawv, Heidelberg's CP2000 tsis siv neeg tswj qhov system kuj tseem muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev paub txog kev sib txuas ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev lag luam luam ntawv thiab kev xa tawm online ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua duab ua ntej (CIP3 / PPF lossis CIP4 / JDF cov ntaub ntawv). Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua tshiab, feem ntau offset tshuab luam ntawv manufacturers tau tsim coj DI cov tshuab luam ntawv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li tib neeg qhov kev thov rau high-end xim luam ntawv, 8- pab pawg xim lossis txawm tias 10- pawg xim ntau pawg xim ob sab luam ntawv, ntxiv kab tom qab xovxwm ua haujlwm tau dhau los ua txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam ntawv-fed offset tshuab luam ntawv (nrog rau cov tshuab luam ntawv me me, DI ncaj platemaking tshuab thiab cov tshuab luam ntawv loj offset), thiab cov thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua neeg paub tab, hom tshuab luam ntawv no tau pib nyem tawm. ib feem ntawm kev ua lag luam uas Ameslikas koom nrog lub vev xaib tshuab luam ntawv.
